Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome as a Neurologic Involvement of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Case Report

J Trop Pediatr . 2021 Aug 27;67(4):fmab075. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmab075. Affiliations Expand Affiliations 1 Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. 2 Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Bakıkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Item in Clipboard Ayşe İrem Sofuoğlu et al. J Trop Pediatr. 2021. Show details Display options Display options Format J Trop Pediatr . 2021 Aug 27;67(4):fmab075. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmab075. Affiliations 1 Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. 2 Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Bakıkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Item in Clipboard CiteDisplay options Display options Format Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 may have neurological manifestations including meningitis, encephalitis, post-infectious brainstem encephalitis and Guillain-Barre syndrome. Neuroinflammation has been claimed as a possible cause. Here, we present a child with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) who developed pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS) during the disease course. Case: A 11-year-old girl presented with 5 days of fever, headache and developed disturbance of consciousness, respiratory distress, conjunctivitis and diffuse rash on her trunk. Immunoglobulin M and G antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 were positive in her serum. She was diagnosed with MIS-C. On day 10, she developed headache and diplopia. Left abducens paralysis and bilateral grade 3 papilledema were observed. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed optic nerve head protrusion, globe flattening. She was diagnosed with secondary PTCS. Papilledema and abducens paralysis improved under acetazolamide and topiramate. Neurological examination became normal after 2 months. Conclusion: PTCS may emerge related to MIS-C. Keywords: COVID-19; MIS-C; child; encephalitis; pseudotumor cerebri. © The Author(s) [2021]. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. [x] Cite Copy Format: Send To [x]